TY - JOUR T1 - How to handle speciose clades? Massive taxon-sampling as a strategy towards illuminating the natural history of the bell flowers (Campanula, Campanuloideae) JF - PLoS ONEPLoS ONE Y1 - 2012 A1 - Mansion, G. A1 - Parolly, G. A1 - Crowl, A. A1 - Mavrodiev, E. A1 - Cellinese, N. A1 - Oganesian, M. A1 - Fraunhofer, K. A1 - Kamari, G. A1 - Phitos, D. A1 - Haberle, R. A1 - Akaydin, G. A1 - Ikinci, N. A1 - Raus, T. A1 - Borsch, T. AB -

 

Background: Speciose clades usually harbor species with a broad spectrum of adaptive strategies and complex distribution patterns, and thus constitute ideal systems to disentangle biotic and abiotic causes underlying species diversification. The delimitation of such study systems to test evolutionary hypotheses is difficult because they often rely on artificial genus concepts as starting points. One of the most prominent examples is the bellflower genus Campanula with some 420 species, but up to 600 species when including all lineages to which Campanula is paraphyletic. We generated a large alignment of petD group II intron sequences to include more than 70% of described species as a reference. By comparison with partial data sets we could then assess the impact of selective taxon sampling strategies on phylogenetic reconstruction and subsequent evolutionary conclusions.

Methodology/Principal Findings: Phylogenetic analyses based on maximum parsimony (PAUP, PRAP), Bayesian inference (MrBayes), and maximum likelihood (RAxML) were first carried out on the large reference data set (D680). Parameters including tree topology, branch support, and age estimates, were then compared to those obtained from smaller data sets resulting from ‘‘classification-guided’’ (D088) and ‘‘phylogeny-guided sampling’’ (D101). Analyses of D088 failed to fully recover the phylogenetic diversity in Campanula, whereas D101 inferred significantly different branch support and age estimates.

Conclusions/Significance: A short genomic region with high phylogenetic utility allowed us to easily generate a comprehensive phylogenetic framework for the speciose Campanula clade. Our approach recovered 17 well-supported and circumscribed sub-lineages. Knowing these will be instrumental for developing more specific evolutionary hypotheses and guide future research, we highlight the predictive value of a mass taxon-sampling strategy as a first essential step towards illuminating the detailed evolutionary history of diverse clades.

 

VL - 7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Higher level phylogeny and evolutionary trends in Campanulaceae subfam. Lobelioideae: Molecular signal overshadows morphology JF - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Y1 - 2008 A1 - Antonelli, Alexandre SP - 1 EP - 18 KW - Bayesian inference KW - Campanulaceae KW - Fruit evolution KW - Lobelioideae (Lobeliaceae) KW - ndhF KW - rbcL KW - SH test KW - Systematics KW - trnL-F AB - Relationships within the subfamily Lobelioideae in Campanulaceae are inferred from DNA sequence variation in the rbcL and ndhF genes, and the trnL-F region including the trnL intron and the trnL-F intergenic spacer. Results derived from Bayesian and parsimony analyses provide evidence for the long-suspected paraphyly of the genus Lobelia, comprising over 400 species as presently circumscribed. The perennial dwarf herbs belonging to the Andean genus Lysipomia are sister to a group comprising the Neotropical shrubs Burmeistera, Centropogon, and Siphocampylus. Giant lobelioids from the Hawaiian Islands, Brazil, Africa, and Sri Lanka form a strongly supported group. Character optimizations on the phylogenetic tree reveal that shifts in fruit types and lignification have occurred much more commonly than generally assumed. The main clades in the subfamily are outlined, which largely contradict previous classifications based on morphology. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. VL - 46 UR - http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-37249069472&partnerID=40&rel=R7.0.0 N1 - 10557903 (ISSN)Export Date: 28 January 2008Source: ScopusCODEN: MPEVEdoi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2007.06.015Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Antonelli, A.; Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences; Go?teborg University; P.O. 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Life form shifts and historical biogeography of the cosmopolitan and highly diverse subfamily Lobelioideae (Campanulaceae) JF - Bmc Biology Y1 - 2009 A1 - Antonelli, Alexandre SP - 82 AB - BACKGROUND:The tendency of animals and plants to independently develop similar features under similar evolutionary pressures - convergence - is a widespread phenomenon in nature. In plants, convergence has been suggested to explain the striking similarity in life form between the giant lobelioids (Campanulaceae, the bellflower family) of Africa and the Hawaiian Islands. Under this assumption these plants would have developed the giant habit from herbaceous ancestors independently, in much the same way as has been suggested for the giant senecios of Africa and the silversword alliance of Hawaii.RESULTS:Phylogenetic analyses based on plastid (rbcL, trnL-F) and nuclear (internal transcribed spacer [ITS]) DNA sequences for 101 species in subfamily Lobelioideae demonstrate that the large lobelioids from eastern Africa the Hawaiian Islands, and also South America, French Polynesia and southeast Asia, form a strongly supported monophyletic group. Ancestral state reconstructions of life form and distribution, taking into account phylogenetic uncertainty, indicate their descent from a woody ancestor that was probably confined to Africa. Molecular dating analyses using Penalized Likelihood and Bayesian relaxed clock approaches, and combining multiple calibration points, estimate their first diversification at ~25-33 million years ago (Ma), shortly followed by several long-distance dispersal events that resulted in the current pantropical distribution.CONCLUSION:These results confidently show that lobelioid species, commonly called 'giant', are very closely related and have not developed their giant form from herbaceous ancestors independently. This study, which includes the hitherto largest taxon sampling for subfamily Lobelioideae, highlights the need for a broad phylogenetic framework for testing assumptions about morphological development in general, and convergent evolution in particular. VL - 7 SN - 1741-7007 UR - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/7/82 ER -